The paper outlines the trends in the development of the social sphere and the provision of social security in Ukraine. The authors prove that the integration of the national economy and the European economy takes place rather slowly, European principles and standards cannot be adapted by economic entities, and social institutions are unprepared and not able to fully stimulate the intellectual development of society. The main threats to the functioning of the social sphere and the formation of the social security system in Ukraine are identified. The key threat is the low competitiveness of the economy, the absence of positive qualitative structural changes and institutional reforms, the problem of import substitution and the development of the real sector and private entrepreneurship. The problematic aspects of convergence of social security of Ukraine and the EU are outlined. Further complication of the socio-economic development of Ukraine is expected as a result of political-economic and military instability. The strategic priorities, tools and means of the state policy of convergence of the social security system of Ukraine and the EU are grounded. The state policy of convergence implemented by the following groups of instruments is considered to be the most effective: regulatory (introduction of the principles of corporate social responsibility and business practices in the system of social and labor relations, ratification of the Council of Europe Convention on the Prevention, Punishment and Elimination of Violence, the introduction of European standards for the dissemination of data under development and implementation of budget programs of social orientation, approval of program documents ensuring gender equality of human rights and freedoms); European integration and cooperation (establishment of cooperation with the EU on the organization of prevention and control of communicable diseases, strengthening cooperation with European voluntary organizations in the field of youth policy and informal education for youth, realization of the Road Map of joint actions within the framework of the Association Agreement on overcoming «zones of social injustice» in the field of cancer, development of cooperation in the framework of forums, creation of exhibition platforms of social dialogue); institutional organization (creation of a specialized vertical integration network of advisory committees in the field of social security, creation of the Bank covering risks in the field of social security, implementation of agreements with EU countries within the framework of regulation of labor migration and development of social partnership, introduction of monitoring and strengthening of control in the functional and structural spheres of social security).