The article defines the content of welfare as a measure of socially oriented efficiency of economic growth, which reflects the appropriate level of providing the population with material and spiritual goods with the formation of favourable conditions for human development and capitalization of human potential in a competitive mobile space. The modern theory of welfare testifies to the deepening of scientific discussions on the transformation of economic welfare into mobile and inclusive, as well as the opposition of competitive and social protection welfare policy. Another milestone in the evolution of welfare theory is the individualization of its provision. Conditions of competition and mobility increase the importance of households in providing their well-being with further reflection on the processes of economic growth of the community, region, and state. This gives grounds to actualize the issues of household welfare research and strengthening economic growth based on behavioural economics. The needs, interests, motives, and incentives determine the economic behaviour of households. At higher levels, it defines an economic culture that is closely linked to the national mentality. In this regard, the main models of economic and social behaviour of households – socialization, adaptation, integration, values, regulation, and the definition of financial development strategies are outlined. Theoretical approaches to the explanation of economic behaviour are generalized, namely religious-ethical, psychological, substantive theories, theories of motivations and acquired needs, process theories, theories of justice, and others. Based on the ideas of foreign scientists, the main determinants of the economic policy of households are proposed. Political, stabilizing, and economic determinants are distinguished in the group of general determinants. In the group of determinants directly related to households, the financial, demographic, cultural, social, empirical, and psychological are suggested. The author’s emphasis is placed on the importance of the impact of financial determinants of the households’ economic behaviour, the central place among which is occupied by savings.
The article analyzes the experience of countries that have used different import substitution strategies, identifies the positive and negative consequences. Particular attention is paid to the study of theoretical aspects of the problem of import substitution in the economic development strategy implementation. On the basis of the conducted researches the directions of import substitution strategies introduction in modern conditions are outlined. Based on the study, the following prerequisites for the successful import substitution policy implementation are identified: justification of the product groups set, import substitution of which is appropriate and cost-effective for the state and society in the long perspective; the instruments of import substitution policy, in particular the prevalence of restrictive instruments (tariffs, quotas, taxation, etc.) in order to protect the national producer and stimulate investment measures to stimulate innovative economic development.
import substitution, domestic market capacity, national economy growth
The scientific hypothesis about the influence of the components of the informational environment on the expansion of human development is tested. The trends in the Ukrainian information space on the level of implementation of informational technology in human life are revealed. The sample survey about living conditions of households in Ukraine in general and the oblasts of the Carpathian region, in particular, is conducted. The ways of use of Internet services by households for involvement of the population in various spheres of public activity and their influence on human development of the oblasts of the Carpathian region are analyzed. The analysis showed a significant reduction in the share of households by objectives: education and training (formal education in school and higher education, distance education, including online activities); software download. The search for information related to health issues and interaction with public authorities has great potential for human development. The paper concludes that the population of the Carpathian region is insufficiently involved in the use of Internet services. Based on the analysis of indicators of the Global Competitiveness Index, the problems in the field of expanding human development opportunities in Ukraine are described. There is mainly a downward trend in the development of areas involved in expanding human development opportunities in the transition to the information economy - education, health, labor, science and innovation. Relevant guidelines for the implementation of state social policy in this area are identified. Social policy as a direction of state regulation of the economy requires a transition from mostly passive to active and effective state social policy. It is necessary to update the mechanisms for conducting active social policy at the level of the state, various administrative, public organizations, and enterprises. Social policy must be closely linked with the implementation of internal reforms in the country (education, health, pensions, taxes and wages, etc.). Social policy measures should be coordinated with measures of other types of state policy - migration, the formation and development of the middle class, the policy of investing in human capital.
human development, information society, information economy, social policy, human capital, Carpathian region
The scientific hypothesis about the influence of the components of the informational environment on the expansion of human development is tested. The trends in the Ukrainian information space on the level of implementation of informational technology in human life are revealed. The sample survey about living conditions of households in Ukraine in general and the oblasts of the Carpathian region, in particular, is conducted. The ways of use of Internet services by households for involvement of the population in various spheres of public activity and their influence on human development of the oblasts of the Carpathian region are analyzed. The analysis showed a significant reduction in the share of households by objectives: education and training (formal education in school and higher education, distance education, including online activities); software download. The search for information related to health issues and interaction with public authorities has great potential for human development. The paper concludes that the population of the Carpathian region is insufficiently involved in the use of Internet services. Based on the analysis of indicators of the Global Competitiveness Index, the problems in the field of expanding human development opportunities in Ukraine are described. There is mainly a downward trend in the development of areas involved in expanding human development opportunities in the transition to the information economy – education, health, labor, science and innovation. Relevant guidelines for the implementation of state social policy in this area are identified. Social policy as a direction of state regulation of the economy requires a transition from mostly passive to active and effective state social policy. It is necessary to update the mechanisms for conducting active social policy at the level of the state, various administrative, public organizations, and enterprises. Social policy must be closely linked with the implementation of internal reforms in the country (education, health, pensions, taxes and wages, etc.). Social policy measures should be coordinated with measures of other types of state policy – migration, the formation and development of the middle class, the policy of investing in human capital.
The article describes the imperfections of the marketing research system in media organizations in the aspect of studying the media needs of the audience. The problematic aspects of studying the information needs of the media audience have been identified. Thus, we have determined that the imperfection of the system of media research of the audience in Ukraine is revealed in such aspects. Practically high-quality media researches are not carried out (or are not carried out properly). In most cases, they are replaced by quantitative media research, which does not provide information about the information needs of the target audience of the media. The imperfection is presented in the lack of feedback from media recipients and media producers, which can be established, in particular, by systematically studying the opinion of consumers of media content about the information received. The implementation of such a practice can enable mass media marketers to find out which media products can attract the audience’s attention, get an assessment of the existing media content, and understand which media products to produce in the future.
marketing research of media audience, media needs, mediametry
The relevance of the article lies in the importance of conducting an audit in assessing the financial condition of industrial enterprises as a basis for effective internal control and effective operation and development of the enterprise. The main purpose of the study is to determine the conceptual basis of the organization and conducting an audit to assess the financial condition of the enterprise, identify the main problems of assessing the financial condition of enterprises based on the results of the audit, and develop the ways to overcome them. The paper emphasizes the importance of audit as one of the methods of internal control, which ensures the prevention of abuse and timely response to identified deficiencies in order to prevent them in the future, thus ensuring a high level of the financial condition of the enterprise. The main tasks of organizing and conducting an audit at the enterprise are determined. The general stages of the audit of the financial condition of the enterprise are outlined, including the preparation and planning of the audit, audit sampling and audit procedures, evaluation of the results of audit procedures, and preparing the auditor’s report and opinion. The main shortcomings of industrial enterprises, which lead to a violation of their financial condition, are studied. According to the results of the research, the main problems, causes, and ways to overcome the negative trends identified by the results of the audit of financial statements of industrial enterprises are determined. The paper emphasizes the importance of conducting an independent audit of the financial condition, which allows managers to ensure the veracity of information about the financial condition; analyzing the indicators of financial condition and ways to improve them; exercising control over the correctness of accounting and compliance with financial reporting indicators; avoiding falsification of financial statements and fraud by employees; establishing compliance of the enterprise’s activity and accounting with the current legislation.
internal audit, audit, financial reporting, internal control, production and economic activity, enterprise
The article examines the relationship between attracting foreign capital in the form of foreign direct investment and ensuring economic development. In particular, the analysis of the current structure of the economy is indicated, its raw material character is pointed out and, based on other researches, the necessity of its reform is substantiated, as Ukraine will remain a low-income country if the current trend continues. This is due to the fact that countries with a raw material structure of the economy are characterized by a low level of economic complexity, and therefore are not able to generate high levels of income in society. As a result, the expediency of stimulating the attraction of investment resources into the country’s economy, in particular in the form of foreign direct investment, is substantiated. The dynamics of attracting foreign direct investment to Ukraine and a number of other countries for the period from 1991 to 2019 is analyzed and the key negative factors that deter foreign investors from investing in the economy of Ukraine are indicated. As a result of the analysis, divergent trends in the economic development of Ukraine and other analyzed countries (Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Turkey, Romania, Hungary) were identified, which contributed to economic stagnation and restrained economic growth and development. Taking into account the analysis, as well as based on the concept of investment and innovation growth, it is proposed to use the experience of Israel to improve the country’s investment attractiveness and stimulate foreign capital inflows by adapting the Yozma program to Ukrainian realities. According to our estimates, the adaptation of this program to the Ukrainian economy will attract about $ 350 million over a five-year period of venture capital alone. In addition, programs such as YOSMA can also be implemented at the regional or even local level. We believe that the use of this tool will improve the investment attractiveness of the country, as well as provide sufficient financial resources to modernize the domestic economy and ensure rapid economic growth.
economic development, economic development management, foreign direct investment, investment attractiveness, Yozma program, decentralization
УКР
