Senior Researcher of the Department of regional ecological policy and environmental management of the Dolishniy Institute of Regional Research of NAS of Ukraine
Development of a system should be based on the relevant fundamental principles that are the basis of its elements’ interrelation. In the waste management system the principles form the basis for the main reference points in the process of legal environment formation by the system’s greater control section. These principles also determine the requirements for building an effective institutional structure and the outlined policy implementation at all levels of management hierarchy. In addition, the basic principles should underlie the internal believes of each person and form his/her daily behavior, that is they should be understandable and acceptable by every member of the society. In this context, a technical version of the project on the National Strategy for Waste Management offered by the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources makes up a certain scientific interest for us. The review of the formulated guiding principles gives reasons to refine and detail them and expand their list considering the critical importance of the National Strategy for Regional Development and having in view the environmental problems layer that already exist in Ukraine. The article aims to form the principles of waste management system, based on the project proposals and author’s supplements with the appropriate interpretation for intended use. The author emphasizes that comprehensive fundamental and applied research in theoretical and empirical levels should be based on both legislative and executive functions in the waste management and treatment. Therefore, it is unacceptable to neglect the role of science in the system of waste management development. Promoting the ecologically safe technologies of production, implementation of the effective waste management schemes, creating a legal framework for administrative action and providing service for all the participants in social and economic relations –these are the main actions on the principle of ecologization. It is claimed that state institutions play a significant role in forming social responsibility of a manufacturer along with its own environmental awareness. The high cost of environmental effects requires the implementation of the intended measures to prevent them, which requires taking into account the principle of their cause and effect assessment. Strategically important vector of the waste management development is its focus on alternatives for their use based on the implementation of innovative achievements of the scientific and technological progress, harmonization of material and provision parameters – information and financial flows, taking into account the value of each elementary operation (transportation, storage of waste, recycling etc.) and others.
Berling, R. Z. State Department of solid waste management: Author. Dis. PhD in Economics: 02.08.03 / R.Z. Berling. – Lviv National Polytechnic University. – Lviv, 2004. – 22 p.
Mishchenko, V. S., & Vyhovska, H. P. (2009). Orhanizatsiyno-ekonomichnyy mekhanizm povodzhennya z vidkhodamy v Ukrayini ta shlyakhy yoho vdoskonalennya [Organizational and economic mechanism of waste management in Ukraine and ways of its improvement]. Kyiv: Naukova Dumka. [in Ukrainian].
Ihnatenko, O. P. (2014). Vidkhody upakovky u sferi blahoustroyu naselenykh punktiv [Waste packaging in the field of improvement of settlements]. Upakovka – Packaging, 4, 55-59. Kyiv: National University of Food Technologies. Retrieved from http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/Upakovka_2014_4_17 [in Ukrainian].
Samoylik, M. S. (2014). Ekonomichna modelʹ rozvytku sfery povodzhennya z tverdymy vidkhodamy rehionu z urakhuvannyam ekolohichnykh faktoriv [Economic model of development of solid waste management in the region taking into account environmental factors]. Visnyk Poltavsʹkoyi derzhavnoyi ahrarnoyi akademiyi – Bulletin of Poltava State Agrarian Academy, 1, 82-87. Retrieved from http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/VPDAA_2014_1_22 [in Ukrainian].
Khyzhnyakova, N. O. (2005). Investytsiyne zabezpechennya reformuvannya system povodzhennya z tverdymy pobutovymy vidkhodamy [Investment support for the reform of solid waste management systems]. (Ph.D. in Econ. Thesis, National Forestry University of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine). [in Ukrainian].
Vyhovska, H. P. (2010). Upravlinnya vidkhodamy v konteksti staloho rozvytku naselenykh punktiv [Upravlinnya vidkhodamy v konteksti staloho rozvytku naselenykh punktiv]. In Ekonomikа pryrodokorystuvannya i okhorony dovkillya [Economy of Nature Management and Environmental Protection]: Vol. nn(n) (pp. 193-201). [in Ukrainian].
Dovha, T. M. (2012). Ekoloho-ekonomichna otsinka retsyklinhu tverdykh pobutovykh vidkhodiv v Ukrayini na shlyakhu do staloho rozvytku [Ecological and economic assessment of the solid waste recycling in Ukraine on the way to sustainable development]. In Formuvannya rynkovykh vidnosyn v Ukrayini [Formation of market relations in Ukraine]: Vol. 11 (pp. 57-62). Retrieved from http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/frvu_2012_11_13 [in Ukrainian].
Tekhnichna redaktsiya proektu Natsionalʹnoyi stratehiyi povodzhennya z vidkhodamy dlya podalʹshoho hromadsʹkoho obhovorennya [Technical revision of the project of the National Waste Management Strategy for further public discussion] (2016, December 21). Website of Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine. Retrieved from http://www.menr.gov.ua/garbage/5632-tekhnichna-redaktsiia –proektu-natsionalnoi-stratehii-povodzhennia-z-vidkhodamy-dlia-podalshoho-hromadskoho-obhovorennia [in Ukrainian].
The article investigates current state of the national energetic safety and describes the most effective ways of its improvement in Ukraine. Development of energy sector has impact on economy of the country and on living standards. There is a range of different problems in this sphere, such as distorted structure of energy manufacturing and consumption, slow implementation of energy saving technologies and lack of proper legal regulation in energy sector. Improvement of energy sphere in Ukraine is one of the most urgent problems nowadays. Energy conservation has been determined as important part of improvement of social production. Problems of energy sector in economy of country have been revealed. Legal regulation and strategy of improvement in this sphere have been reviewed. Dynamics of energy consumption in different sectors of economy during the years 2015-2016 in Ukraine have been analyzed. Data on tariffs of energy supply during the years 2005-2015 in Lviv region have been analyzed. The dynamics of energy consumption during the years 2004-2014 in Lviv region have been examined. Correlation between tariffs on energy supply and the volume of energy consumption has been observed based on mathematical methods. The structure of energy consumption in different sectors of economy in Lviv region during the years 2000-2015 has been analyzed. Projects that encourage energy saving of Lviv region have been defined. The international experience of European models of energy effectiveness and models of energy effectiveness that can be used in Ukraine has been shown. The basic problems in energy saving which have to be solved in the future have been explored. The ways of improvement effectiveness of energy safety in Ukraine have been determined.
energy sphere, energy consumption, energy saving, energy strategy, energy effectiveness, tariffs of energy consumption
Analysis of scientific approaches to interpretation of investment capacity is conducted. Definition of the term «investment capacity of territorial community» is suggested. Special attention is paid to its specific features – concrete territorial context and dependence on peculiarities of local natural, social, economic and other factors and on the efficiency and adequacy of territorial management bodies’ activity directed at the use of community’s investment capacity. The structure of territorial community’s investment capacity is examined and its major components are outlined: natural conditions and resources, raw materials base, human resources, economic base, financial resources, investment climate and scientific, technological, innovative, institutional, infrastructural and management maintenance. The problems of forming and exploitation of territorial communities’ investment capacity are emphasized. Low management capacity and promotion activity of local governing bodies, absence of efficient incentives for investors and poor quality of local development programs are among them. The scheme of investment capacity management mechanism at the level of territorial community is suggested in order to outline the directions of management influences of local governing bodies on implementation of territorial communities’ investment capacity.
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UDC 338.45:620.91; JEL O13, L94