Nowadays, according to decentralization and current legislation (Land Code of Ukraine, Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine «On Self-Governance»), the public lands have been transferred to the CTCs since 1 February 2018. In 2018/2019, 788 CTCs received communal ownership of 1.68 ha of public lands. According to the Draft Law «On Amendments to Several Legal Documents of Ukraine on Agricultural Lands Turnover», the consolidated territorial communities become the legal entities and can acquire property rights to agricultural land plots. Therefore, transferring the lands to be used by the newly created CTCs is currently an urgent issue that requires extended scientific and practical research. The paper aims to research the role of land reform in Ukraine and its impact on increase of CTCs’ budget revenues. The stages of land reform and the development of the land reform in Ukraine as well as its implementation strategy are outlined. The disparities of the integrated satellite map and the data of the Land Cadaster of Ukraine in terms of unregistered lands are defined. The amount of a CTC budget’s increased revenues due to the reform is estimated. Statistical data on small, medium, and large farmers and their interest in the land reform are analyzed. The terms of selling the land to foreign investors and conditions of participation in land auctions are examined. The mechanisms of land purchase, selling, and lease in line with the land reform are suggested. Generalizing the presented aspects of the land reform in Ukraine and their impact on economic activity of the newly created CTCs, it can be argued that the process is quite positive and necessary for both communities and businesses in order to get additional budget revenues for CTCs. The land reform improves the living standards of Ukrainian people through the disclosure of the country’s agricultural capacity.
Development of a territorial community requires efficient use of its capacity taking into account all possible aspects in the course of elaboration and implementation of the development strategy and other local legal and regulative documents. The approach is directly related to maintaining the living activity of a territorial community and should correspond to the interests of population and European standards of state regional policy. In addition to the definition of a community provided by the Law of Ukraine “On Local Governance in Ukraine”, there are also some other. For example, some authors understand territorial community as a single natural and social entity that operates in spatial boundaries of a state and realizes daily needs and interests of population. The paper aims to analyze legal and regulative foundation of the development of territorial communities in conditions of decentralization. The authors analyze current condition of legal and regulative maintenance of local governance reforming in Ukraine in conditions of decentralization of authorities. The paper argues that the major elements of management strategy in CTCs in Ukraine are independence, efficiency, management innovations, quicker and more substantiated decision-making and everything to meet the needs of community’s residents. Management of this sector is grounded on the principles of the provisions of European Charter of Local Self-Government that provides for decentralization of authorities and transfer of resources and responsibilities to local governments. Liabilities of local governments (of consolidated territorial communities) and the mayors are analyzed. The authors prove that in general legal provision of decentralization of local governance corresponds to European requirements and creates reliable ground for practical stage of the reform. The list of issues that require further legal regulation is outlined.
decentralization, law, local governance, legal and regulative provision, territorial communities, development
Modern education requires new technologies, forms and innovations able to provide high quality of specialists’ preparation. Educational establishments that prepare personnel try to take into account the requirements of producers in the course of personnel preparation and to adapt the content of educational programs and plans of specialists’ training to innovative processes occurring in industries. There is a range of unsolved problems in organization and execution of students’ practical training programs, which aggravate with complicated economic conditions the higher educational establishments operate in. Available legislative basis that regulates relations between higher educational establishments and enterprises, organizations and institutions regarding students’ practice does not correspond to modern situation. Labour market dictates the need for the review of traditional approaches in the system of education. When business representatives hire staff, they are interested not in the format of graduates’ «knowledge», but rather in their readiness for professional activity. Therefore, the major task is to improve the system of preparation of modern professionals and to provide successful adaptation of graduates to professional activity. To provide professionals it is necessary to introduce the dual educational system, where the schedule of educational process is divided by cycles of theoretical and practical trainings, which is the most efficient type of educational process organization. The paper aims to show the current condition of dual educational system in Ukraine and abroad and to define its impact on the improvement of staff capacity quality. The paper characterizes the role of dual educational system in the improvement of staff capacity quality. Peculiarities of the development of dual educational system in some counties are examined. The connection of theory and practice in the preparation of professionals is determined. The ways to introduce dual education in educational establishments of Ukraine and the measures in legislative field are outlined. The factors of dual education’s impact on migration processes in Ukraine are examined. The need to introduce new approaches to organization of staff training based on social partnership of companies and educational establishments is emphasized. The system of dual education in Ukraine is suggested.
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