UDC [338.46:37]:330.34; JEL I28, O15 Zahorskyy, V. S. (2017). Osvita yak vyznachal'nyy faktor zabezpechennya staloho rozvytku natsional'noyi ekonomiky [Education as a decisive factor in ensuring sustainable development of the national economy]. Rehional'na ekonomika - Regional Economy, 84(2), 23-30. [in Ukrainian]. Sources: 6
The problem of human and social capital formation is closely connected to the functioning of the education system. From the standpoint of a system approach, education is a functional institution of a society, which has its own structure and specific aim of functioning. The complication of social and manufacturing, information and intellectual relations in the processes of civilization development generates increased requirements for the functioning of social and industrial subsystems, which can be solved only by means of education. The functioning of the education system is not just the transfer of knowledge and the development of a person, but also the intellectual support of socio-economic development. Educational functions play a key role in the pace of civilization progress in the nearest future. In the context of sustainable development, an important moment in the role of education is that knowledge has the ability to grow and deepen. As a result, education carries out the transfer of knowledge to the next generation, which provides for a progressive development of future generations. Today, education is seen as a continuous process that lasts throughout life and is characterized not only by the replenishment of the information stock, but by the change in its structure and forms in accordance with the new requirements. From the point of view of economic development, education is the source of creating new opportunities and resources for development that significantly changes the quality of human life, ensures the achievement of harmony of natural, social and spiritual human nature. Knowledge and information allow achieving the set goals, minimizing the resources, convincing people of their personal interest for these purposes. According to some estimates, today in the world about 70% of gross domestic product (GDP) growth is due to the application of new knowledge embodied in innovative production and management technologies. Knowledge as a special resource of social development has the properties of continuous reproduction and accumulation. However, like any resource, knowledge is prone to destruction, impoverishment and, moreover, unlike natural resources, the usefulness of which is beyond doubt, the usefulness of knowledge may be questionable. This happens when knowledge (in the context of education problems) is considered and analyzed as a narrow category that involves only professionalism, in isolation from the morality of the subject (individual or organization) – the bearer of knowledge. Today the rates of obsolescence of knowledge grow; the life cycle of goods (services) is reduced. Companies gain advantages in a competitive struggle by creating strategies that focus not on predicting and analyzing the external environment, but, above all, on the efficient increasing and using of their own resources, primarily intellectual ones. It is obvious that intellectual activity cannot be performed without fundamental knowledge, i.e. the knowledge necessary for the education of a graduate of an educational institution, which allows forming a valuable-meaningful system for orienting a person in the flows of information.
Keywords:
education, knowledge, human capital, resource, development, economics
References
Geyets, V. M. (2005). Sotsial'no-ekonomicheskiye transformatsii pri perekhode k ekonomike znaniy [Socio-economic transformations in the transition to the knowledge economy]. In Sotsial'no-ekonomicheskiye problemy informatsionnogo obshchestva [Socio-economic problems of the information society]: (pp. 16-33). Sumy: University Book. [in Russian].
Melnik, L. G. (2005). Na poroge informatsionnogo obshchestva [On the threshold of the information society]. In Sotsial'no-ekonomicheskiye problemy informatsionnogo obshchestva [Socio-economic problems of the information society]: (pp. 10-14). Sumy: University Book. [in Russian].
Pavlenko, Yu. (2000). Itogi tsivilizatsionnogo razvitiya chelovechestva [Results of civilizational development of mankind]. Sotsiologiya: teoriya, metodika, marketing – Sociology: theory, methodology, marketing, 4, 13-31. [in Russian].
Website Washington profile (2000). Ekonomika i biznes [Economics and business]. Retrieved from http:// www.wasprofile.org [in Russian].
Delor, J. (1996). Obrazovaniye: sokrytoye sokrovishche [Education: hidden treasure]. Paris: Publishing house of UNESCO. Retrieved from http://www.ifap.ru/library/book201.pdf [in Russian].
Elaboration of the system for diagnostics of economic security of the territories at different levels refers to a relatively new and methodically unsolved problem. But its relevance increased significantly for the last time period. This is mainly due to the social, economic and political transformations in the country, in-depth content of which is the commitment of Ukraine to being an equal member of the European community, entry into the world economy, and regionalization of the economy, associated with development of the local government, transition to the market regulation, expansion of the management system’s subjects by the formation of territorial communities and their self-sufficiency increase. Approaches to risk management at the regional level in the sphere of social and labor relations are substantiated. Special attention is devoted to the study of possible risks in the demographic development, migration processes and employment in Zakarpattia Oblast. The main reasons, generating prerequisites for risks’ occurrence in terms of the forms of their manifestation on local labor markets, are considered. On the basis of the performed analysis, structuring of probable threats and outlining of approaches to the formation of the risk management mechanism are presented. It is defined that evaluation of risks in the sphere of social and labor relations indicates the spatial relation, which means their consideration as complex object-subject phenomena characterized by local peculiarities and forms of manifestation, and determined by uncertainty, ambiguousness and multi-factor character of those risks. This circumstance contributes to specificity of the mechanism for risk management, which instruments are directed on taking preventive measures by impact on cause-and-effect relations, their appearance, occurrence and blocking.
security, risks, region, social and labor relations, management mechanism
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UDC 331.5.021:332.021:005.96; JEL J21, O15, R23