The Ukrainian economy is traditionally export-oriented – the export share of goods and services in GDP (in actual prices) was 40.6% in 2021, and in GVA – more than 45 %. The military aggression of the russian federation against Ukraine has actualized the problematic topic of strengthening the domestic export potential to ensure the proper level of socio-economic development. Therefore, the Government has announced an orientation towards the export model of the national economy’s growth – the goal has been set to increase the share of exports in GDP up to 50%. The purpose of the article is to assess the dynamics and directions of the structural transformations in the commodity exports of Ukrainian regions under the influence of armed aggression by the russian federation. The authors conduct an express diagnosis of export-import operations in Ukraine in the conditions of a full-scale russian-Ukrainian war. The export activity at the meso level is analyzed based on the calculation of indicators that characterize: the export coverage level of imports, the commodity export orientation of the economy, the degree of technological export, and the high-tech export orientation of industry. Attention is focused on a significant share of toll manufacturing products in the high-tech commodity exports of the vast majority of the Western regions. Based on the structural assessment of the commodity exports of Ukraine and its regions, changes in the export specialization of the latter ones by main commodity groups are defined. Key trends and problems in the formation and development of Ukraine's export potential in the face of external challenges and threats are outlined. Measures for the implementation of an effective state policy for domestic export stimulation are offered, and their target orientations from the standpoint of national interest protection are defined. The need for a large-scale import substitution program initially focused on investment stimulation in the processing industries where Ukraine has sufficient raw materials potential for their development (agro-processing and production of finished metal products) is emphasized. Further establishment of the production of goods with high added value will allow changing the product structure of Ukrainian exports toward the increase in the finished products’ share of processing industries and mechanical engineering. 

export, import, structure, products, commodity group, specialization, technological degree, regions 

The article analyzes the current state and tendencies of development of industrial goods export from Lviv кegion to the countries of the European Union. The paper reveals that in the period 2000–2018 there was a growing tendency of the volume of industrial production, which in 2018 increased 27.6 times compared to the beginning of the analyzed period. The situation on the foreign market was also found to be positive: in 2018 the volume of export of manufactured goods increased more than 30 times compared to 2000. The peculiarities of export of goods from Lviv Region are investigated. The share of exports of goods to EU countries in the total export of goods from the Lviv Region is estimated to be significantly high and ranging from 64.2 per cent in 2010 to 78.6 per cent in 2018. A number of the largest trading partners among the European Union countries to which industrial goods from Lviv Region are exported are highlighted. The largest export of industrial goods from the EU countries was sent to Denmark, Italy, Germany, Poland, Slovakia and the Czech Republic. The dynamics and structure of export of industrial goods from Lviv Region to the countries of the European Union are presented. It is estimated that, in terms of the structure of export of industrial goods, a significant share is occupied by the export of wood and its products (11.0–11.9 per cent), textile materials and textile products (12.2–16.4 per cent), machinery, equipment and mechanisms, electrical equipment (30.6-35.1 per cent) and various industrial goods (13.7-16.5 per cent). The main reasons for the decline in exports of industrial goods from Lviv Region to the EU countries in 2018 are highlighted. In particular, such reasons are: decrease in production of some industrial products in the region, dependence on the level of world prices for these goods and on the market situation of industrial goods in EU countries, increase in export of manufactured goods to other countries of the world. 

industry, foreign trade, export, export potential, Lviv region, European Union 

Despite the slowing down of industrial development in Ukraine due to the influence of many factors, industry remains the leading form of economic activity. The need for further reformation of this sector of the national economy in order to ensure its competitiveness in the context of strengthening globalization processes requires new analytical assessments and the development of relevant proposals in this direction. The purpose of the article is to determine the key trends in the development of the industrial sector of Ukraine’s economy through the prism of the activity and efficiency of its functioning. In accordance with the author’s methodical approach, the evaluation was conducted by a set of indicators characterizing production, export, investment, capital and innovation activity, as well as resource and economic efficiency. According to the results of calculating of these indicators’ values, it was found that in 2016 the overall level of activity and efficiency of functioning of the industrial sector of the national economy increased after its sharp decline in 2013-2015. The growth of values of such indicators was achieved: the share of industrial output in the volume of sales of products (goods and services); the rate of growth of non-current assets and capital investment in industry; the share of enterprises that introduced innovations in the total number of industrial enterprises; share of expenses on innovations in the total volume of capital investments; return on assets, productivity, profitability of operating activities. Instead, the values of such indicators as the growth rate of the volume of industrial products sold, the share of non-current assets in assets, the share of industry in total volume of foreign direct investment, the growth rate of foreign direct investment in industry, the share of industrial goods in the total exports of goods and services and the share of exports in the volume of industrial sales have decreased. Consequently, in Ukraine there are two negative trends in the development of industry: the reduction of direct foreign investment and the gradual loss of positions in commodity exports. A number of measures have been proposed to overcome them, in particular in the following areas: increasing the attraction of foreign direct investment to industry (expanding the access of industrial enterprises to foreign investment resources, raising the level of awareness of foreign investors regarding potential investment directions in Ukraine); increase of export potential of industry (stimulation of export activity of subjects of the industrial activity, creation of a parametric register of strategic exporters for forecasting flows of the commodity exports, diversification of commodity structure of export and its balancing by the countries-trade partners of Ukraine). 

activity, efficiency, export, industrial production, innovation, investment, production, profitability 

The article analyzes the current state and trends of industry development in the Lviv region. The features of export activity of industrial enterprises in the Lviv region were studied. A number of export-oriented industrial activities in the Lviv region have been allocated. A list of active export-oriented industrial enterprises in the Lviv region is presented. The state of foreign investment of industry in the Lviv region is investigated. 

industry, export activity, export potential, enterprise, Lviv region