Відділ регіональної екологічної політики та природокористування

The issues of cross-border ecological security are outlined. The notion of regional cross-border ecological security is explained as the absence from the side of neighboring country’s territory of the threats of ecological nature for the health of population and the activity of territorial communities of the region adjacent to the border that is stipulated, among other, by the results of interstate and interregional cooperation in overcoming of the abovementioned threats. The authors propose the structural scheme of regional ecological security factors as approaching directed threats related to cross-border movement of the polluters of air and surface and ground waters, cross-border disruption of natural ecosystems and exhaustion of natural resources, lose of biological variety of cross-border character and cross-border natural phenomena on one hand and the relevant preventive and liquidation measures on the other hand. Special attention is paid to the peculiarities of cross-border factor influence on the achievement of ecological security in bordering regions and its both obliging and assisting role in overcoming of ecosecure condition asymmetry. On the example of Lviv region and Podkarpackie voivodship the asymmetry of ecological condition within the relevant Ukrainian-Polish cross-border region is shown. The conclusion is made that the issues of decreasing the anthropogenic pressure on the environment and of achievement of the ecological security level corresponding to the neighbors’’ parameters are more than urgent for Ukrainian regions adjacent to the EU countries. Implementation of such tasks requires the complex solution in the single cross-border system of ecologic security. Its structure should encompass three basic blocks: legislative-targeted block, maintaining the assessment of ecological threats level; block on development and implementation of decisions over maintenance of ecological security, preventing its deterioration and liquidation of sources and consequences of ecological hazard; block on ecological security monitoring and decisions implementation results control. The blocks in their turn are differentiated into the elements that are related to each other. Cross-border specific requires the coherent functioning of the single system elements that act in terms of states demarcation. In particular, Ukraine’s Western cross-border regions have the possibilities to use the institute of Euroregions “Carpathian” and “Bug” to achieve the targets of ecological security, i.e. through forming of targeted cross-border ecological and natural-resources clusters. The excess to European Neighborhood Instrument (ENI) and its cross-border cooperation programs for 2014-2020 opens significant possibilities for the Western cross-border regions of Ukraine. But qualitatively other requirements and possibilities over ecological security in Ukraine and its cross-border regions will be available due to the full-scale enforcement of the relevant provisions of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and EU. 

екологічна безпека, транскордонний регіон, екологічні загрози, асиметрія екологічного стану, система екологічної безпеки